DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT OF DISEASES of RETINA and VITREOUS

Retina is the innermost layer of eye ball. The image is formed by the optical apparatus of eye over the retina . It is very delicate part. Common diseases and there treatment facilities available at our centre are as follows :-

Common diseases of retina :

1. Age related macular degeneration : (ARMD) This is degeneration of central part of retina due to age (more than 60 years). Patient has painless decrease of vision. Advanced cases have rupture of blood vessels in the lesion and require laser treatment.

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Age related macular degeneration

2. Diabetic retinopathy : In patients of diabetes the retinal blood vessels become weak and proliferate producing bleeding and leakage.  This produces decrease of vision or total loss of vision ( due to bleeding). Treatment is by early laser or in some advanced cases vitreo retinal surgery.

At our centre latest equipment for treatment of diabetic retinopathy is available. After fundus fluorescein angioscopy the leaking blood vessels are sealed with green laser ( frequency doubled yag laser )For doing laser green laser is used.we are equipped with japneese latest nidek GYC1000 laser machine.

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Age related macular degeneration

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Green laser nidek GYC 1000

3. Retinal Detachment

If the retina gets separated from underlying layers, the condition is known as retinal detachment. the patient complains of flashes of light in front of eye, floaters and sudden decrease of vision or sensation of curtain coming from one side. Treatment is by surgery. In fresh and uncomplicated cases conventional retinal detachment surgery suffices. But in complicated and advanced cases vitreoretinal  surgery and silicon oil injection etc is required.

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Retinal Detachment

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Retinal Detachment Surgery by putting silicon buckle

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Vitroretinal Surgery

Prophylaxis of Retinal Detachment : If breaks in the retina are detected before retina has actually detached, these breaks can be sealed with laser or cryotherapy (very cold temperature)

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Cryotherapy

4. Sunken Cataractous Lens or Intraocular Lens (IOL) : Some times due to trauma the lens of eye falls back into cavity of eye, similarly during surgery cataractous lens or intraocutor lens may fall back. In such cases the jelly inside the eye (vitreous) is removed (vitrectomy) a special liquid is put inside the eye ball (PFCL) so that cataractous lens or IOL which has fallen back comes to float over it and it is removed.

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Cryotherapy

5. Vitreous Hemorrhage : Bleeding into the  jelly filling the cavity  of eye (Vitreous) is known as vitreous  haemorrhage. Common causes of vitreous haemorrhage are diabetic retinopathy and trauma. Vitreous haemorrhage may get reabsorbed in few months. If it does not get reabsorbed  vitrectomy surgery is done to remove the  vitreous and blood.

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Vitrectomy